flock
An addition to my previous note: My statement regarding the FNM_* constants was wrong. They are available on POSIX-compliant systems (in other words, if fnmatch() is defined).
fnmatch
(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5)
fnmatch — Repère un fichier à partir d'un masque de recherche
Description
bool fnmatch
( string $pattern
, string $string
[, int $flags= 0
] )
fnmatch() vérifie si la chaîne string va passer le masque Shell pattern .
Liste de paramètres
- pattern
-
Le masque Shell.
- string
-
La chaîne testée. Cette fonction est particulièrement utile pour les noms de fichier, mais peut également être utilisée sur des chaînes régulières.
L'utilisateur moyen de Shell peut être familier avec les masques Shell, ou tout au moins, leurs expressions les plus simples, comme '?' et '*'. De cette façon, utiliser fnmatch() au lieu de preg_match() pour des recherches peut être plus pratique pour les non-initiés.
- flags
-
Une des constantes FNM_XXX.
Valeurs de retour
Retourne TRUE s'il y a des résultats, FALSE sinon.
Historique
| Version | Description |
|---|---|
| 5.3.0 | Cette fonction est maintenant disponible sous Windows. |
Exemples
Exemple #1 Vérifier le nom d'une couleur avec un masque Shell
<?php
if (fnmatch("*gr[ae]y", $color)) {
echo "des formes de gris ...";
}
?>
Notes
Avertissement
Actuellement, cette fonction n'est pas disponible pour les systèmes non-POSIX.
Voir aussi
- glob() - Recherche des chemins qui vérifient un masque
- preg_match() - Expression rationnelle standard
- sscanf() - Analyse une chaîne à l'aide d'un format
- printf() - Affiche une chaîne de caractères formatée
- sprintf() - Retourne une chaîne formatée
add a note
User Contributed Notesfnmatch
Sinured
19-Mar-2008 09:04
19-Mar-2008 09:04
theboydanny at gmail dot com
29-Nov-2007 06:31
29-Nov-2007 06:31
About the windows compat functions below:
I needed fnmatch for a application that had to work on Windows, took a look here and tested both. Jk's works for me, soywiz didn't (on WinXPSP2, PHP 5.2.3).
The only difference between them is addcslashes (soywiz) instead of preg_quote (jk). They _should_ both work, but for some reason soywiz's didn't for me. So YMMV.
However, to make JK's fnmatch() work with the example in the documentation, you also have to strtr the [ and ] in $pattern.
<?php
$pattern = strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), array('\*' => '.*', '\?' => '.', '\[' => '[', '\]' => ']'));
?>
And thanks for the functions, guys.
Sinured
30-Jul-2007 05:14
30-Jul-2007 05:14
Possible flags (scratched out of fnmatch.h):
...::...
FNM_PATHNAME:
> Slash in $string only matches slash in $pattern.
FNM_PERIOD:
> Leading period in $string must be exactly matched by period in $pattern.
FNM_NOESCAPE:
> Disable backslash escaping.
FNM_NOSYS:
> Obsolescent.
FNM_FILE_NAME:
> Alias of FNM_PATHNAME.
FNM_LEADING_DIR:
> From fnmatch.h: /* Ignore `/...' after a match. */
FNM_CASEFOLD:
> Caseless match.
Since they’re appearing in file.c, but are not available in PHP, we’ll have to define them ourselves:
<?php
define('FNM_PATHNAME', 1);
define('FNM_PERIOD', 4);
define('FNM_NOESCAPE', 2);
// GNU extensions
define('FNM_FILE_NAME', FNM_PATHNAME);
define('FNM_LEADING_DIR', 8);
define('FNM_CASEFOLD', 16);
?>
I didn’t test any of these except casefold, which worked for me.
Frederik Krautwald
12-Jun-2007 05:30
12-Jun-2007 05:30
soywiz's function still doesn't seem to work -- at least not with PHP 5.2.3 on Windows -- but jk's does.
soywiz at NOSPAM dot php dot net
21-Jan-2007 03:40
21-Jan-2007 03:40
A revised better alternative for fnmatch on windows. It should work well on PHP >= 4.0.0
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return @preg_match(
'/^' . strtr(addcslashes($pattern, '/\\.+^$(){}=!<>|'),
array('*' => '.*', '?' => '.?')) . '$/i', $string
);
}
}
?>
jk at ricochetsolutions dot com
13-Dec-2006 01:39
13-Dec-2006 01:39
soywiz's function didnt seem to work for me, but this did.
<?php
if(!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return preg_match("#^".strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), array('\*' => '.*', '\?' => '.'))."$#i", $string);
} // end
} // end if
?>
soywiz at php dot net
18-Jul-2006 02:12
18-Jul-2006 02:12
A better "fnmatch" alternative for windows that converts a fnmatch pattern into a preg one. It should work on PHP >= 4.0.0
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return @preg_match('/^' . strtr(addcslashes($pattern, '\\.+^$(){}=!<>|'), array('*' => '.*', '?' => '.?')) . '$/i', $string);
}
}
?>
jsnell at networkninja dot com
03-Mar-2006 03:12
03-Mar-2006 03:12
The last line of soywiz at gmail dot com windows replacement should be changed to:
return preg_match('/' . $npattern . '$/i', $string);
otherwise, a pattern for *.xml will match file.xml~ or any else anything with the text *.xml in it, regardless of position.
soywiz at gmail dot com
26-Jul-2005 11:07
26-Jul-2005 11:07
A "fnmatch" alternative that converts the pattern, to a valid preg one and uses preg_match then. It will work on windows.
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
for ($op = 0, $npattern = '', $n = 0, $l = strlen($pattern); $n < $l; $n++) {
switch ($c = $pattern[$n]) {
case '\\':
$npattern .= '\\' . @$pattern[++$n];
break;
case '.': case '+': case '^': case '$': case '(': case ')': case '{': case '}': case '=': case '!': case '<': case '>': case '|':
$npattern .= '\\' . $c;
break;
case '?': case '*':
$npattern .= '.' . $c;
break;
case '[': case ']': default:
$npattern .= $c;
if ($c == '[') {
$op++;
} else if ($c == ']') {
if ($op == 0) return false;
$op--;
}
break;
}
}
if ($op != 0) return false;
return preg_match('/' . $npattern . '/i', $string);
}
}
?>
phlipping at yahoo dot com
06-Aug-2003 10:59
06-Aug-2003 10:59
you couls also try this function that I wrote before I found fnmatch:
function WildToReg($str)
{
$s = "";
for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($str); $i++)
{
$c = $str{$i};
if ($c =='?')
$s .= '.'; // any character
else if ($c == '*')
$s .= '.*'; // 0 or more any characters
else if ($c == '[' || $c == ']')
$s .= $c; // one of characters within []
else
$s .= '\\' . $c;
}
$s = '^' . $s . '$';
//trim redundant ^ or $
//eg ^.*\.txt$ matches exactly the same as \.txt$
if (substr($s,0,3) == "^.*")
$s = substr($s,3);
if (substr($s,-3,3) == ".*$")
$s = substr($s,0,-3);
return $s;
}
if (ereg(WildToReg("*.txt"), $fn))
print "$fn is a text file";
else
print "$fn is not a text file";